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Unmatched Rapid Adsorption for Water & Wastewater Treatment

Activated Carbon Products

What Is Powdered Activated Carbon?

Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) is a fine, micron-sized form of activated carbon with particle sizes typically under 0.18 mm. Produced from high-quality coconut shells, PAC delivers exceptional surface area (often > 1,000 m²/g) and porosity, making it ideal for rapid adsorption of organic contaminants, taste compounds, and odors in liquid streams.

How GAC Is Made

How PAC Is Made

Feedstock Selection

Coconut shells for hardness and micropore development
Alternative sources: wood, coal (less common for PAC)

Carbonization

Pyrolysis at 400–700 °C in oxygen-limited conditions
Removal of volatiles to produce char

Activation

Steam or chemical activation (e.g., phosphoric acid) at 800–900 °C
Development of a highly porous structure

Milling & Sieving

Grinding to achieve particle size < 0.18 mm
Sieving and classification to ensure uniformity

Key Physical & Chemical Properties

Property	Typical Range
Surface Area	900–1,200 m²/g
Pore Volume	0.6–0.9 cm³/g
Particle Size	≤ 0.18 mm
Bulk Density	0.4–0.6 g/mL
pH (1% slurry)	6.5–8.0
Ash Content	≤ 5%
Moisture	≤ 5%

Applications of PAC

Water & Wastewater Treatment

Rapid Adsorption Kinetics: Fast uptake of organics in treatment plants
Micropollutant Removal: Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and endocrine disruptors
Polishing Step: Final removal of trace contaminants

Taste & Odor Control

Effective removal of geosmin, MIB, chloramines, and VOCs
Common in drinking water utilities and beverage production

Batch Dosing & Contactors

Slurry Reactors: Direct PAC dosing for quick response
Powdered PAC Cartridges: Point-of-use filters for residential and industrial setups

Benefits of Coconut-Shell PAC

Superior Microporosity: Excellent for small-molecule removal
Renewable Feedstock: Sustainable production from coconut byproducts
High Adsorption Capacity: Greater capacity per unit volume vs. many other carbons
Eco-Friendly Footprint: Lower CO₂ emissions in activation process

Choosing the Right PAC Grade

Iodine Number: ≥ 1,000 mg/g for high organic removal
Particle Size Distribution: Finer grades for rapid kinetics; slightly coarser for ease of separation
Ash & Moisture Content: Lower values preferred for high purity and consistent performance

Regeneration & Disposal

Thermal Regeneration

On-site retort to desorb contaminants at 800–900 °C
Restores up to 90% capacity over multiple cycles

Disposal Options

Non-Hazardous Spent PAC: Landfill per local regulations
Hazardous Contaminants: Incineration or specialized treatment

PAC vs. Granulated Activated Carbon

Feature	PAC	GAC
Particle Size	≤ 0.18 mm	0.2–5 mm
Surface Area	900–1,200 m²/g	800–1,200 m²/g
Kinetics	Rapid adsorption	Slower, steady-state
Application Mode	Batch dosing, POU filters	Fixed-bed columns, larger systems
Pressure Drop	Low in slurry	Moderate in packed beds